Lab library
112 interactive 3D labs. Search by title or standard, or filter by subject and curriculum.
Showing 112 of 112 labs
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Physics
Newton's Second Law
A hanging mass pulls a cart over a pulley. What sets the acceleration?
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Physics
Momentum & Collisions
Two carts bounce, stick, or push apart. What stays the same?
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Physics
Ohm's Law & Circuits
Build series and parallel circuits and see the voltage landscape.
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Chemistry
Acid–Base Titration
One drop, six pH units. Find the equivalence point and pKa.
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Chemistry
Gas Laws
Squeeze, warm, and cool trapped air. Find absolute zero.
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Chemistry
Reaction Rates
Magnesium in acid: change one condition, time the gas.
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Biology
Diffusion & Osmosis
Dialysis bags, potato cores, and onion cells. Where does water go?
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Biology
Enzyme Activity
Time a floating disk. Why does heat, pH, or peroxide change the rate?
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Biology
Photosynthesis Leaf Disks
Sunken spinach disks rise in the light, one by one.
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Earth Science
Earthquake Epicenter
Seismometers find where a quake started — and what lies deep inside Earth.
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Physics
Motion Graphs & Reference Frames
Launch a cart up a ramp and watch its x–t, v–t, and a–t graphs draw themselves. Then measure the same run from a moving camera.
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Physics
Projectile Motion
A rolling cart fires a ball straight up. Where will it land? Then aim a launcher at a cup.
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Physics
Friction on an Incline
Tilt the ramp until the block starts to slide. Find the coefficients of friction.
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Physics
Circular Motion
What pulls an object around a curve? Measure the pull of a string and the push of a track.
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Physics
Energy on a Track
A spring launches a cart up a curved track. Where does the energy go?
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Physics
Impulse & Crumple Zones
Design a bumper that lets the egg-cart survive the crash.
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Physics
Torque & Balance
Hang masses on a meter stick until it balances. Where must the last mass go?
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Physics
Rolling Race
A hoop, a disk, and a ball race down a ramp. Predict the winner, then find out what decides it.
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Physics
Angular Momentum
Pull in your arms on a spinning stool. What changes, and what stays the same?
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Physics
Pendulums & Springs
Which changes the period: mass, length, or how far you pull? Then time a wobbling balance on Earth and in orbit.
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Physics
Buoyancy, Pressure & Drag
Lower a block into water and the scale drops. Drop a ball through syrup and it stops speeding up. Why?
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Physics
Fluid Flow
Punch holes in a tall bottle. Which jet shoots farthest, and why does it slow down?
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Physics
Calorimetry & Thermal Equilibrium
Drop hot metal into cool water, then heat rods of different metals. Predict before you measure.
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Physics
Heat Engines & PV Cycles
Heat a gas under a piston and lift a mass. Trace the cycle on a P–V graph.
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Physics
Charge & Coulomb's Law
Rub, touch, and bring charges near an electroscope. Then measure the force between two spheres.
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Physics
Electric Fields & Equipotentials
Probe the voltage between two electrodes and map the invisible field.
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Physics
Capacitors & RC Circuits
Charge and discharge a capacitor. Then change its plates and watch the meters.
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Physics
Magnetic Fields of Currents
Map the magnetic field of a wire, a coil, and a magnet with compasses. Then test the force on a wire and bend an electron beam.
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Physics
Electromagnetic Induction
Push a magnet into a coil. What makes the meter needle jump?
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Physics
Generators & Efficiency
Turn a falling weight, wind, or water into electricity. How efficient is your design, and what does it cost?
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Physics
Standing Waves on a String
Tune the vibrator until the string shows 1, 2, 3 loops. What sets the wave speed?
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Physics
Sound: Resonance & Doppler
Find the speed of sound with a resonance tube, hear a passing siren change pitch, and block noise with a barrier.
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Physics
Ripple Tank
Send water waves toward a wall, across a glass plate, through gaps, and toward other waves. What changes?
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Physics
Double Slits & Gratings
Shine a laser through two slits. Measure the fringes to find the wavelength.
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Physics
Refraction & Total Internal Reflection
Bend a laser through glass and water. When does the light stop getting out?
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Physics
Lenses & Mirrors
Slide a candle along a lens bench. Where does its image form, and what does it look like?
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Physics
Photoelectric Effect
Brighter red light ejects nothing; dim violet light does. Why? Then bounce photons off electrons.
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Physics
Radioactive Decay, Fission & Fusion
Count a decaying sample, then split and fuse nuclei. What happens inside a nucleus when it changes?
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Physics
Inductors: LR & LC Circuits
Switch an inductor into a circuit. Why does the current lag, and with a capacitor, why does it swing back and forth?
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Chemistry
Periodic Trends & Reactivity
Drop lithium, sodium, and potassium into water, then pull electrons off their atoms. What explains what you see?
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Chemistry
Flame Tests & Atomic Spectra
Dip a salt in a flame and the color changes. What is the light really made of?
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Chemistry
Molecular Shapes (VSEPR)
Build molecules from balls and sticks. Why is water bent but CO₂ straight?
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Chemistry
Bonding & Properties of Solids
Test unknown solids for melting, dissolving, and conducting. Identify the bond type.
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Chemistry
Evaporation & Intermolecular Forces
Wrap probes in alcohol-soaked paper. Which liquid cools fastest, and why?
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Chemistry
Polymers & Designed Materials
Stretch, bend, and cross-link polymers. How does chain structure change the material?
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Chemistry
Heating Curves & Phase Changes
Heat ice until it boils. Watch the thermometer and the energy meter.
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Chemistry
Solutions & Solubility Curves
Add salt and sugar spoon by spoon, then heat and cool a solution. When does it become saturated?
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Chemistry
Chromatography & Separation
Separate the dyes in a marker. Which molecules travel farthest, and why?
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Chemistry
Spectrophotometry & Beer's Law
How much dye is in the drink? Build a calibration curve and find out.
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Chemistry
Moles, Formulas & Limiting Reactants
Burn magnesium to find its oxide formula, then seal a reaction in a bag. Does the mass change?
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Chemistry
Reaction Types & Activity Series
Drop metals into salt solutions. Which ones react, and what do the atoms do?
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Chemistry
Precipitation & Gravimetric Analysis
What makes some water "hard"? Test water samples and measure what is in them.
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Chemistry
Hand Warmers: Enthalpy & Hess’s Law
Design a hand warmer that reaches 20 °C above room temperature. Which salt, how much?
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Chemistry
Equilibrium & Le Châtelier
Add, remove, heat, and cool. Watch the color shift as the equilibrium pushes back.
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Chemistry
Acids, Bases & pH
Two acids, same concentration. Test them with probes, indicators, and a light bulb.
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Chemistry
Buffers
Two liquids read the same pH. Add the same acid to both and predict what happens. Then design your own buffer.
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Chemistry
Rate Laws: Crystal Violet
Track a fading dye with light. Is the reaction first or second order?
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Chemistry
Electrochemical Cells
Build a battery from two metals and a salt bridge. Then run it backwards to plate copper.
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Chemistry
Redox Titration: Hydrogen Peroxide
Titrate peroxide with purple permanganate. The first lasting pink tells you how much was there.
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Biology
Cells Under the Microscope
Focus on onion, cheek, and Elodea cells. Then zoom inside to the organelles.
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Biology
Testing for Macromolecules
Which foods contain starch, sugar, protein, or fat? Test them and see the molecules.
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Biology
Cellular Respiration
Sprouting peas sit in a vacuum flask for two days. Is anything happening inside them?
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Biology
Elodea, Snails & CO₂
A snail and a water plant share a sealed tube of indicator. What happens to the color over a day?
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Biology
Mitosis in Onion Root Tips
Count dividing cells in a root tip. How long does each phase take?
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Biology
Meiosis & Crossing Over
Follow bead chromosomes through meiosis, then score spore sacs from a fungus cross.
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Biology
Genetic Crosses
Cross fruit flies for two generations. Do the counts fit 3:1?
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Biology
Lactase & Lactose Tolerance
Why can some adults digest milk while others can't? Test milk, follow a family, and search the DNA.
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Biology
DNA Extraction & Structure
Pull DNA out of strawberries. Then zoom in to see how it is packed and paired.
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Biology
From Gene to Protein
Transcribe and translate a gene. Change one base and see what happens to the protein.
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Biology
PCR & Gel Electrophoresis
Copy DNA, cut it, and run it through a gel. Whose DNA matches the crime scene?
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Biology
Bacterial Transformation
Give bacteria a glowing gene. Which plates will glow?
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Biology
Homeostasis & Feedback
Plunge a hand in ice water or run in place. What does your body do next?
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Biology
Transpiration & Stomata
Put a plant in wind, light, and humidity. Measure water loss and count stomata.
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Biology
Heart Dissection & Circulation
Dissect a heart layer by layer. Where does a drop of blood go after it leaves the right side?
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Biology
Evidence of Common Ancestry
Compare arm bones, embryos, and DNA from five animals. Build the family tree.
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Biology
Beaks of Finches
Compete for seeds with different beaks. Which birds leave more offspring, and which gene shapes the beak?
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Biology
Population Genetics, Drift & Speciation
Run island populations for 50 generations. When does chance beat selection, and when do islands become new species?
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Biology
Animal Behavior: Choice Chamber
Do pill bugs prefer wet or dry, light or dark? Do they survive better in a group?
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Biology
Population Growth & Carrying Capacity
Grow duckweed in a pond, then harvest it. When does the growth curve bend, and how much can you take?
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Biology
Energy Dynamics
Feed plants to caterpillars. How much of the energy ends up in the caterpillar?
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Biology
Cell Signaling Pathways
A hormone docks on a receptor and a whole cell changes. Block one step and see what breaks.
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Biology
Human Reproduction & Development
Follow a fertilized egg to a developing fetus. Which body systems work together, and what can disrupt them?
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Earth Science
Seafloor Spreading & Plate Boundaries
Tow a magnetometer and drill cores across a mid-ocean ridge. What record do the seafloor rocks keep?
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Earth Science
Mineral & Rock Identification
Scratch, streak, and split unknown specimens. Name the mineral, then the rock.
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Earth Science
Topographic Maps & Landforms
Match contour lines to hills and valleys, then draw a profile.
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Earth Science
Stream Table: Erosion & Deposition
Change slope and flow in a stream table. Where does the sand go?
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Earth Science
Soil, Porosity & Groundwater
Pour water through gravel, sand, and soil. Which holds more, which drains faster, and where does a leak spread?
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Earth Science
Cloud in a Bottle
Squeeze and release a bottle with smoke inside. Why does a cloud appear, and why is one side of a mountain dry?
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Earth Science
Air Masses & Fronts
Read station models and a weather map. Where will it rain tomorrow?
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Earth Science
Convection, Coriolis & Currents
Heat one end of a tank, then spin the table. How do winds and currents turn?
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Earth Science
Seasons & Sun Angle
Tilt the globe and move it around the lamp. Why is summer hotter, and how should a solar panel face?
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Earth Science
Moon Phases, Eclipses & Tides
Walk the Moon around Earth. When do we see a crescent, an eclipse, a spring tide?
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Earth Science
Mars, Orbits & Kepler's Laws
Plot Mars night by night. Why does it loop backward, and what shape is its orbit?
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Earth Science
The Greenhouse Effect
Two bottles under a lamp, one with extra CO₂. Which warms more, and why?
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Earth Science
Albedo & Ice Feedback
Shine a lamp on ice, dark soil, and water. Why does melting speed up melting?
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Earth Science
Earth's Early History: Craters & Radiometric Ages
Drop marbles into flour, count craters on the Moon, and date meteorites. How old is Earth?
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Earth Science
Starlight Spectra & Redshift
Compare galaxy spectra to a lab lamp. Which galaxies are moving away fastest?
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Earth Science
Tracking Sunspots
Sketch sunspots for two weeks. How fast does the Sun rotate, and how does activity change over 11 years?
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Earth Science
The Sun and the Life Cycle of Stars
Look inside the Sun, then change a star’s mass. How long does it shine, and which elements does it make?
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Earth Science
Life Changes the Planet
Add cyanobacteria to an early Earth. Watch oxygen rise, iron rust out of the sea, and soils form.
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Environmental
Quadrats & Biodiversity
Throw quadrats in a meadow and a lawn. Which is more diverse, and how sure are you?
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Environmental
Primary Productivity
Light and dark bottles of pond water. How much oxygen do the algae make?
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Environmental
Watersheds, Runoff & Land Use
Rain on a landscape model. Clear it, plow it, terrace it, pave it, and rain again. Where does the water go?
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Environmental
Water Quality & Eutrophication
Add fertilizer or farm waste to a pond model. Follow the algae bloom to the fish kill, and test for coliforms.
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Environmental
Toxicology: Dose–Response & Biomagnification
Find the LC50 of brine shrimp in a 24-hour dilution series, then dose model animals in mg/kg to find an LD50. Why are they different numbers? Then follow a pesticide up a food chain.
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Environmental
Acid Rain
Drip acid rain on marble, granite, and seedlings. Which suffer, and why?
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Environmental
Smog & Thermal Inversions
Put a warm lid on cold air in a valley. Why does the smoke stay trapped, and what clears it?
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Environmental
Ocean Acidification
Bubble CO₂ into seawater with a shell inside. What happens to pH and the shell?
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Environmental
Design a Water Treatment Plant
Chain screening and settling, aeration, a tertiary step (chemical phosphorus removal or a constructed wetland), and disinfection. Can your plant meet the discharge limits for solids, BOD, phosphorus, and coliforms?
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Environmental
Disturbance, Islands & Succession
Burn, flood, or clear a patch of forest, or raise a new island. Watch what arrives and grows back over 100 years.
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Environmental
Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus & Water Cycles
Follow single atoms of carbon and nitrogen through air, ocean, rock, and life. What happens when we speed up one flux?
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Environmental
Human Impacts & Habitat Design
A development threatens a bird population. Design, test, and refine a way to reduce the impact.
